Internal-combustion engine



March 2 1926. 1,575,218

C. LATTA INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Feb. ll, 1922 `Patented Mar. 2, 1926.

` UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

- CHARLES LATTA, or sfr. LoUIs, MISSOURI, AssIGNon or oNFrIIALF To ALLEN THUR- MANLATTA, or sT. LoUIs, MISSOURI.

` INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

" l Application filed February 11, 1922. Serial No.i535,669.

To (4.2110710122. it 'may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES LATTA, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Internal-Combustion Engine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and has special reference to an arrangement, construction `and relationship of valves for controlling the intake and the exhaust. i

An object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion' engine having slide valves for controlling the intake and the exhaust arranged in a novel relationship in order to obtain eiiicient operation.

Other objects will appear from the following description, reference being the drawing in which- Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the arrangement of a piston and the two cooperating slide valves for controlling the intake and the exhaust.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View showing the positions of the two slide valves about the time the intake valve begins to open, which is also the position of the valves at about the time the exhaust valve begins to open, the two valves as shown in Fig. 2 moving in opposite directions.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1. 4. i

Fig. 4 is a view showing details of one of the slide valves.

The engine has a number of working pistons 1 operating 1n cylinders 2, only one of such pistons and cylinders being shown. The piston 1 has the usual piston rod connection 3 with thecrank shaft 4. i

The engine has a number ofy working pistons 1 operating in cylinders 2, only one familiar manner so as to provide a. space or chamber 6 above each piston when the piston is up. In such space or chamber the gas is compressed and exploded` as an incident to the operation of the engine, each cylinder being provided with a spark plug 7 forming a part of an ignition system.

made to The castingdn which the cylinders 2 are formed also contains the cylinders for the slide valves. There are two slide valve cylinders .in the casting forV each. piston cylinder, the valve cylinder 8*,containing the intake valve and the valve cylinder 9 containing the exhaust valve. The head plate 5 i extends over and covers the upper ends of the valve cylinders 8 and 9, leaving the compression and combustion space orchamber G at all 'times in direct communication with the valve cylinders. l

A sliding piston valve l0 is operatively mounted within thecylinder Sand is connected with its cam 11 on the cam shaft 12 by a rod 13. A. similar sliding piston valve 11 is operatively 'mounted in the. cylinder 9' and is connected with its cam 15 on theshaft l2 by arod 16. i i

An important feature in the relationship of the parts will be understood by reference to Fig. 3. As there shown the cams for operating the piston slide valves for eacl1cylin der of the engine have a novel relationship, the long radii of the two cams being at an angle of 90, the long radius of the cam 11 for the intake valve being shown at IV and the long radius'of the cam for the exhaust valve being shown at EV.

vThe port 17 shown in Fig. 3 shows the position of the inta-ke pcrtforV admitting gas into the cylinder 8; and also the position of the exhaust port for exhausting from the cylinder 9. The intake port to the cylinder 8 is in thesame relative position as the exhaust port from the cylinder 9. Considering that the valve shown in F i g. 3 is theexhaust valve 14 it will be seen that said valve in the cycle of operationindicated by the arrows adjacent to the broken line gearing is moving upwardly to closed position and is just closing the exhaust port. Obviously, then` the intake valve is moving downwardly to open position to permit gas to be drawn into the cylinder as an incident to the downward movement of the working piston 1 shown. In this way a proper relationship as between the valve devices and parts is maintained. 4

In Fig. lit Will b seen that eaclf of the piston slide valves is equipped with a number of splitexpansion piston rings 18 for maintaining perfect seal as between the valves and the walls of the cylinders in just leaving cont-act with the cylinder wall above the intake port. By the time any p so that there is no escape or loss of live gas. 5 This operation 1s reversed when the engine exhausts. 'Ih-at is, the upper packing ring on the intake valve seals the intake port at the same time that the upper packing ring on the exhaust valve opens the exhaust port,

10 thereby preventing the exhaust from being forced into the Vintake manifold.

Y Each of the ports 17 h-as a width-about equal to the diameter of the valve cylinder with which it communicates, `While the length of each of said ports axially of the valve cylinder is relatively narrow... Each port 17 is divided vertically by a partition 17, the inner edge'of which is continuous with the `Wall ofthe valve cylinder above 29 and below theport. Bearing for the packing rings on the valves is thereby provided [midway between the side edges of each port, and the ends of the packing rings are revented from becoming caught or foule in the ports. y n

tively short movement of each valve` is required in order to open and to close the portl controlled thereby.

Th ratio of the gear Wheel 19Y on the crank 30 shaft to the gear Wheel 20-`with which it meshes on the cam shaft is one to two, mak- 45 pression and combustion chamber atl one end of the cylinder, separate inlet and exhaust valve cylinders having their upper ends in the same plane with and communicating with said chamber in the same plane, an in.

let-port to they inlet valve cylinder, a sliding piston valve in said inlet valve cylinder, an exhaust port from said exhaust valve cylinf der in the sam plane -With said inlet port, a sliding piston valve in said Lexhaust valve cylinder, a sealing device on each of said valves, said valves being duplicates, a cam shaft, cams of equal size on said shaft hav ing their long radii -at an angle of 90 By this arrangement only a rela-L ielative to each other, and connections of equal lengthfrom said cams for operating said valves in strokes of equal length and in a relationship in Which'the sealing device on the inlet valve is beginning to open the inlet port When the sealing device on the exhaust valve has closed tl'le exhaust' port, and vice versa.

2. In anfengine, a Working piston cylinder, a pair of valve cylinders having their upper ends in the same piane with each other" and with the piston cylinder a compression and combustion chamber extending across the upper ends of all of said cylinders, an inlet port opening into one of said valve cylinders, a sliding piston valve in the valve cylinder in which the inlet port opens, sealing devices lon said valve arranged to seal the upper and lower parts of said port at one time, an exhaust port from the other `valve cylinder inthe same plane with said inlet port, a sliding piston valve in the cylinder from lWhich the exhaust port opens, said valves being duplicates, and sealing devices `on`said second `piston valve arranged Lo seal the upper and lower parts of said exhaust port at the same time that said irst- `named sealing devices seal said inlet port as aforesaid.

In an,engine, a Working piston cylinder, a pair of valve cylinders having their upper ends in the same pl-ane with each other and -Witl1 Said piston cylinder, a combustion and compression chamber extending across the ends of all of said cylinders, an inlet port opening into one of said valve cylinders, a sliding valve on the valve cylinder in which the inlet portfopens, sealing means on said valve arranged to seal the top and bottom of said port at one time, an exhaust port from the other valve cylinder vin the sameplane with said inlet port,fa sliding piston valve in the cylinder from which the exhaust port opens, said valves being dupli Cates, sealing means on said second valve arranged to seal the top and bottom `of said exhaust port at the s-ame time that the irst named sealing means seal said inlet port as aforesaid, a cam shaft, cams of equal size on said shaft having their long radii at an angle of 90? relative to each other, and connections vof equal length for4 operating said valves in ,a relationship in which said sealing means on the inlet valve begins to open the inlet port when said scaling means on the exhaust valve has closed the exhaust port,

and'vice versa.`

' CHARLES LATTA. 

